Sunday, December 3, 2006

Special Celebration!

Countdown Christmas and Advent Celebration!

HISTORY:

The word Christmas comes from Cristes messe, an early English phrase that means Mass of Christ. The C story comes from the New Testament in the bible. An angel appeared to shepherds and told them that a Savior had been born to Mary and Joseph in a stable in Bethlehem. Three Wise Men from the East, called Magi, followed a wondrous star that led them to the baby Jesus to whom they paid homage and presented gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh.

OBSERVANCE:

Because it's a religious holy day, it's not an official holiday. However, since most Americans are Christian, the day is one on which most businesses are closed and the greatest possible number of workers, including government employees, have the day off. Going home for X-mas is a most cherished tradition. Besides the strictly religious traditions, however, other common X-mas practices are observed by people who are not religious or who are not Christians.

Naturally Christians observe X-mas according to the traditions of their particular church. There are other religious ceremonies at churches which families attend before they male their rounds to visit friends and relatives.

American traditions:

* Gift-giving.

* Greeting cards are sent to friends and families. Became popular in the 1800's.

* X-mas songs, or carols, are sung and heard all during the holiday season. Became popular in the 1800's.

* Decorating of homes. Most Americans have a decorated and trimmed X-mas tree, a real evergreen tree or an artificial one, in their homes. Lights and wreaths of evergreen, mistletoe and signs wishing people a Merry X-mas can be found inside and outside of many homes. Became popular in the 1800's.

* Christmas dinner, often with turkey on the menu. Besides this, many people hold other gala get-togethers just before and after X-mas.

* Santa Claus. The character is derived from old-age stories about an early Christian saint named Nicholas and from the Norse god Odin. Immigrant settlers brought Father Christmas or Saint Nicholas to the US. His name was gradually changed to Santa Claus, from the Dutch name for the 4th century Father Christmas, which is Sinter Claas.

Although he has origins in Norse and pre-Christian mythology, Santa Claus took shape in the US. Americans gave him a white beard, dressed him in a red suit and made him into a cheery old gentleman with red cheeks and a twinkle in his eyes.

He is a mythical man who is said to live at the North Pole, where he makes toys throughout the year.

* Contributions X-mas is also a time when most Americans show great generosity to others less fortunate than they. Money is sent to hospitals or orphanages or to fund that help the poor are made.

* X-mas is traditionally a time of truce on the battlefield.

Saturday, November 25, 2006

Cellular Phone

WHAT IS CELLULAR PHONE?

A mobile or cellular telephone is a long-range, portable electronic device for personal telecommunications over long distances.

Most current mobile phones connect to a cellular network of base stations (cell sites), which is in turn interconnected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) (the exception are satellite phones). Cellular networks were first introduced in the early to mid 1980s (the 1G generations). Prior mobile phones operating without a cellular network (the so-called 0G generation), such as Mobile Telephone Service, date back to 1945. Until the mid to late 1980s, most mobile phones were sufficiently large that they were permanently installed in vehicles as car phones. With the advance of miniaturization, currently the vast majority of mobile phones are handheld. In addition to the standard voice function of a telephone, a mobile phone can support many additional services such as SMS for text messaging, email, packet switching for access to the Internet, and MMS for sending and receiving photos and video.

The world's largest mobile phone operators (based on customer totals) include China Mobile, Vodafone, and China Unicom. The world's largest mobile phone manufacturers include Audiovox, BenQ-Siemens, High Tech Computer Corporation, Fujitsu, Kyocera, LG, Motorola, NEC,[i-mate], Nokia, Panasonic (Matsushita Electric), Pantech Curitel, Philips, Sagem, Samsung, Sanyo, Sharp, Siemens SK Teletech, Sony Ericsson, T&A Alcatel, T-Mobile, and Toshiba.

There is also specialist communication systems related to, but distinct from mobile phones, such as Professional Mobile Radio. Mobile phones are also distinct from cordless telephones, which generally operate only within a limited range of a specific base station. Technically, the term mobile phone includes such devices as satellite phones and pre-cellular mobile phones such as those operating via MTS which do not have a cellular network, whereas the related term cell (ular) phone does not. In practice, the two terms are used nearly interchangeably, with the preferred term varying by location. There are lots of different networks on mobile phones. Some are pay as you go, where you can buy top ups and add them to your phone, so there is no monthly bill, and some are pay monthly. This means you get a bill every month for how much calls and texts you make.

Luxembourg has the highest mobile phone penetration rate in the world, at 164% in December 2005. The total number of mobile phone subscribers in the world was estimated at 2.14 billion in 2005. Around 80% of world's population has mobile phone coverage as of 2006. This figure is expected to increase to 90% by the year 2010.

At present, Africa has the largest growth rate of cellular subscribers in the world. African markets are expanding nearly twice as fast as Asian markets. The availability of Prepaid or pay as you go services, where the subscriber does not have to commit to a long term contract, has helped fuel this growth on a monumental scale, not only in Africa but on other continents as well.

All European nations and most Asian and African nations have adopted GSM. In other countries, such as the United States, Australia, Japan, and South Korea, legislation does not require any particular standard, and GSM coexists with other standards, such as CDMA and iDEN.


Source: WIKIPEDIA the free encyclopedia.